Dawa ya gono sugu kwa mwanaume

Utangulizi

Gono ni ugonjwa wa zinaa unaosababishwa na bakteria Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Ugonjwa huu huathiri njia ya mkojo, sehemu za siri, puru, na koo. Gono kinapodumu kwa muda mrefu bila matibabu sahihi, hujulikana kama kisonono sugu, na huweza kusababisha madhara makubwa kama ugumba, maambukizi kwenye tezi dume (prostate), na matatizo ya mfumo wa mkojo.

Dalili za gono Sugu kwa Wanaume

Wanaume wenye gono sugu wanaweza kupata dalili zifuatazo:

• Maumivu au hisia ya kuwaka moto wakati wa kukojoa

• Kutokwa na usaha kutoka kwenye uume

• Kuvimba na maumivu kwenye korodani

• Maumivu ya sehemu ya chini ya tumbo

• Kuhisi haja ndogo mara kwa mara

• Maambukizi kwenye tezi dume, yanayosababisha maumivu makali

  
  

Matibabu ya gono Sugu

Gono sugu huhinahitaji matibabu sahihi ili kuzuia madhara zaidi. Kutokana na ongezeko la usugu wa bakteria kwa baadhi ya dawa, Shirika la Afya Duniani (WHO) na Kitup cha Kudhibiti na Kuzuia Magonjwa (CDC) kinapendekeza matibabu kwa kutumia dawa zifuatazo:

• Sindano ya Ceftriaxone

• Sindano ya Gentamicin

• Vidonge vya Azithromycin

• Doxycycline

  
  

NB: Dawa za gono sugu kwa mwanaume hutumika katika utaratibu maalumu ambao utapewa na daktari wako. Matumizi ya dawa katika dozi isiyo sahihi na pasipo kaundikiwa na daktari husababishi usugu wa vimela kwenye dawa.

Usugu wa vimelea kwenye dawa za gono sugu

Bakteria wanaosababisha Gono wamekuwa wakionyesha usugu kwa baadhi ya antibiotiki kama penicillin, tetracycline, na fluoroquinolones. Hivyo ni muhimu kutumia dawa zinazopendekezwa na daktari wako katika dozi sahihi ili kuepuka matumizi ya dawa kiholela.

Mambo muhimu kwenye matibabu ya Gono sugu

Unapokuwa unapata matibabu ya gono unapaswa kuzingatia yafuatayo:

• Kumaliza dozi zote za dawa kama ilivyoelekezwa na daktari.

• Kuepuka kujamiiana hadi vipimo vithibitishe kuwa maambukizi yameisha.

• Kuwataarifu wapenzi wa karibu ili nao wafanyiwe uchunguzi na watibiwe iwapo wataonekana na maambukizi.

• Kupima magonjwa ya zinaa mara kwa mara kwa wanaume walio katika hatari kubwa ya maambukizi.

Hitimisho

Gono sugu ni tatizo kubwa ambalo linahitaji matibabu sahihi na ya haraka. Ni muhimu kwa wanaume walio na dalili au walio katika hatari ya kupata kisonono kufanya uchunguzi wa kiafya mara kwa mara ili kupata tiba mapema. Matumizi sahihi ya antibiotiki na kuzingatia ushauri wa wataalamu wa afya ni njia bora ya kupambana na ugonjwa huu.

Rejea za mada hii

1. Leone PA. Epidemiology, pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection. Inapatikana: www.uptodate.com/contents/epidemiology-pathogenesis-and-clinical-manifestations-of-neisseria-gonorrhoeae-infection?source=see_link#H4 

2. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Sexually transmitted disease surveillance 2010. Inapatikana: www.cdc.gov/std/stats10/gonorrhea.htm

3. Ontario Agency for Health Protection and Promotion (Public Health Ontario). Guidelines for testing and treatment of gonorrhea in Ontario. Toronto (ON): Queen’s Printer for Ontario; 2013. Inapatikana: www.publichealthontario.ca/en/eRepository/Guidelines_Gonorrhea_Ontario_2013.pdf

4. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Update to CDC’s Sexually Transmitted Diseases Treatment Guidelines, 2010: oral cephalosporins no longer a recommended treatment for gonococcal infections. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2012;61(31):590-4. 

5. Public Health Agency of Canada. Canadian guidelines on sexually transmitted infections. 2013 Update. Inapatikana: www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/std-mts/sti-its/cgsti-ldcits/section-5-6-eng.php

6. World Health Organization. Sexually transmitted bacterial pathogen for which there are increasing antimicrobial resistance concerns: Neisseria gonorrhea. Inapatikana: www.who.int/csr/resources/publications/drugresist/IIAMRmanual.pdf 

7. Public Health Agency of Canada. Canadian guidelines on sexually transmitted infections. July 2013. Inapatikana: www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/std-mts/sti-its/cgsti-ldcits/section-5-6-eng.php#footnote-t1

8. 6. MacDonald NE, Stanbrook MB, Flegel K, et al. Gonorrhea: what goes around comes around. CMAJ 2011;183:1567.

9. Kondro W. Untreatable gonorrhea rampant. CMAJ 2012;184:E591.

10. Ison CA. Antimicrobial resistance in sexually transmitted infections in the developed world: implications for rational treatment. Curr Opin Infect Dis 2012;25:73-8.

11. Public Health Agency of Canada. Executive summary—report on sexually transmitted infections in Canada: 2009. Inapatikana: www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/sti-its-surv-epi/sum-som-eng.php