Matapishi ya njano

Kutapika njano au kupta matapishi ya njano au rangi ya chungwa hutokea masaa machache baada ya kupata ugonjwa ugonjwa unaosababisha kichefuchefu na kutapika. Rangi ya matapishi inaweza kuendelea kuwa njano endapo mtu atakula kitu kila anapotapika, au kubadilika na kuwa na rangi ya kijani, au njano inayoelekea kijani endapo mtu hali chochote baada ya kutapika. Rangi ya njano hutokana na majimaji ya chakula kilichomeng’enywa, hupaswi kuwa na woga unapotapika matapishi ya njano.

Visababishi vya kutapika njano

Kutapika njano huweza kusababishwa na;

• Kula sumu ya chakula- dalili zinazoweza ambatani ni pamoja na maumivu ya tumbo, kuharisha na homa

• Mafua ya tumbo- husababishwa na maambukizi ya virusitumboni kutokana na kula chakula au maji. Dalili zingine ni homa, maumivu ya misuli na tumbo

• Mafua ya influenza- haya ni maambukizi ya virusi kwenye mfumo wa juu wa upumuaji, huleta dalili za kuchuruzika mafua na koo chungu kisha kuendelea kuwa na homa, maumivu ya misuli, uchovu maumivu ya kichwa na kutetemeka

• Kipanda uso- huambatana na maumivu makali ya kichwa yanayoweza kudumu kwa masaa machache au siku kadhaa. Hisia za kutapika huweza kutokea na mtu hutapika kwa kujirudia rudia endapo maumivu ya kichwa yanaendelea

• Ujauzito- huleta dalili ya kutapika wakati wa asubuhi, hutokana na mabadiliko ya homoni kipindi cha ujauzito.

• Ugonjwa wa appendisaitiz

• Homa ya mwendo

• Matumizi ya dawa za kuua chembe zasaratani

• Maambukizi sikio la kati

• Matumizi ya dawa jamii fulani

Wakati gani wa kuwa na hofu unapotapika njano?

Endapo unatapika njano inayoambatana na dalili zifuatazo unapaswa kutilia mashaka na kutafuta msaada wa daktari;

• Kizunguzungu

• Kupumua kwa shinda

• Kutapika nyongo kwa muda mrefu

• Kutapika zaidi ya masaa 48 bila kupata nafuu

• Kutapika kila kitu

• Maumivu makali ya tumbo nay a ghafla

• Kuwa na kisukari

• Maumivu makali ya kifua

• Kutapika mara kwa mara katika mwaka

• Damu kwenye matapishi au matapishi kuwa meusi au rangi ya unga wa kahawa

• Maumivu makali ya kichwa na homa

• Kuishiwa nguvu au kupata uchovu mkali

• Kupata kizunguzungu au kuzimia

Huduma ya kwanza kwa mtu anayetapika sana;

Hatua ya muhimu kuchukua endapo unatapika sana ni kufika hospitali ili kupatiwa matibabu kwa kutundikiwa dripu, hii itasaidia rejesha kiwango cha madini na maji ulichopoteza.

Kama unatapika kwa kiasi na unaweza kunywa maji, fanya iwezekanavyo kunywa maji kiasi kidogo sana lakini mara kwa mara. Ukipata maji ya Oral au wengine huita ORS na hutumika kwa watoto wanaoharisha itasaidia kuwa kama huduma ya kwanza. Kengo ni kurejesha kiwango ulichopoteza kwa kutapika na kuzuia kupata shoku kutokana na kuishiwa maji mwilini.

Zuia kutumia vitu vinavyokuletea kichefuchefu kama vinywaji nyenye mafuta, sukari na viungo kwa wingi na vingine ambavyo vinaamsha kuchefuchefu chako.

Rejea za mada hii

1. Vomiting in adults. https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/stomach-liver-and-gastrointestinal-tract/vomiting-in-adults. Imechukuliwa 28.06.2021

2. Catiele Antunes, et al. Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470300/#: Imechukuliwa 28.06.2021

3. I.Dodd Wilson. Chapter 85Hematemesis, Melena, and Hematochezia. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK411/. Imechukuliwa 28.06.2021

4. Amyloidosis. my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15718-amyloidosis. Imechukuliwa 28.06.2021

5. Cyclic vomiting syndrome. niddk.nih.gov/health-information/digestive-diseases/cyclic-vomiting-syndrome. Imechukuliwa 28.06.2021

6. Lamps LW, et al.Fungal infections of the gastrointestinal tract in the immunocompromised host: An update. DOI: 10.1097/PAP.0000000000000016. Imechukuliwa 28.06.2021

7. Mayo Clinic Staff. Acute liver failure. mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/acute-liver-failure/symptoms-causes/syc-20352863. Imechukuliwa 28.06.2021

8. Mayo Clinic Staff. Viral gastroenteritis (stomach flu). https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/viral-gastroenteritis/symptoms-causes/syc-20378847. Imechukuliwa 28.06.2021

9. Mayo Clinic Staff.Food poisoning. mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/food-poisoning/symptoms-causes/syc-20356230. Imechukuliwa 28.06.2021

10. Mayo Clinic Staff.Gastritis.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/gastritis/symptoms-causes/syc-20355807. Imechukuliwa 28.06.2021

11. Mayo Clinic Staff.Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/gerd/symptoms-causes/syc-20361940. Imechukuliwa 28.06.2021

12. Mayo Clinic Staff.Intestinal obstruction. mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/intestinal-obstruction/symptoms-causes/syc-20351460. Imechukuliwa 28.06.2021

13. Mayo Clinic Staff.Nausea and vomiting. mayoclinic.org/symptoms/nausea/basics/definition/sym-20050736. Imechukuliwa 28.06.2021

14. Mayo Clinic Staff.Vomiting blood. mayoclinic.org/symptoms/vomiting-blood/basics/definition/sym-20050732

15. Nausea and vomiting in adults. nhs.uk/conditions/nausea-and-vomiting-in-adults/. Imechukuliwa 28.06.2021

16. Nausea and vomiting. my.clevelandclinic.org/health/symptoms/8106-nausea--vomiting. Imechukuliwa 28.06.2021

17. Vomit looks like coffee grounds after drinking alcohol. goaskalice.columbia.edu/answered-questions/vomit-looks-coffee-grounds-after-drinking-alcohol. Imechukuliwa 28.06.2021

18. Vomiting in adults. (2018). nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/stomach-liver-and-gastrointestinal-tract/vomiting-in-adults. Imechukuliwa 28.06.2021