Muda wa PEP ukipita unafanyaje?

Kwa nini PEP huanzishwa ndani ya masaa 72

Maelezo haya yamelenga kujibu maswali yote yaliyoulizwa hapo juu kw akutumia ushahidi wa tafiti mbalimbali zilizofanyika na zinazoendelea kufanyika.

PEP huanzishwa ndani ya masaa 24 hadi 72 toka mtu amehisi kuwa kwenye kihatarishi cha kupata maambukizi mfano;

• Kuwa na ngono ya kulazimishwa au kubakwa na mtu asiyefahamika hali yake ya maambukizi

• Kondomu kupasuka wakati unashiriki ngono na mwathirika wa VVU

• Kujichoma na sindano au vitu vingine vya ncha kali vilivyotumia na wathirika wa VVU inaweza kuwa wakati wa kuhudumia mgonjwa au wakati wa upasuaji au kuchangia sindano ya dawa za kulevya na mwathirika n.k

Kwanini PEP itumike ndani ya masaa 24 hadi 72?

Tafiti zinaonyesha kuwa, inachukua masaa 72 kutambua uwepo wa Virusi vya UKIMWI kwenye tezi limfu, siku 5 kutambua uwepo wa virusi kwenye damu na takribani siku 8 kutambua uwepo kwenye maji ya uti wa mgongo. Tafiti hii inatoa dilisha la kuzuia kutokea kwa maambukizi kwa kuzuia virusi kusambaa, kuingia kwenye seli na kuzaliana. Hii ndo maana dawa hizi zinatolewa ndani ya masaa 72.

Je PEP inaweza kukukinga kupata maambukizi kwa asilimia 100%

Jibu ni ndio na hapana

Tafiti za wanyama zinaonyesha kuwa PEP endapo imeanzishwa ndani ya masaa 24 hadi 36, hukinga kwa asilimia 100 kuanza kwa maambukizi baada ya kutumia dozi kwa siku 28. Hata hivyo taarifa za binadamu zinaonyesha kuwa PEP haiwezi kukinga maambukizi kwa asilimia 100, hii inaweza kuchangiwa na mambo mbalimbali ambayo yameandikwa sehemu nyingine katika makala za ULY CLINIC. Hata hivyo, kuanza PEP ndani yamasaa 24 hadi 36,hukinga kupata maambukizi kwa zaidi ya asilimia 99.9

Matumizi ya PEP baada ya masaa 72 yanaweza kukukinga na maambukizi ya VVU

Tafiti zinaonyesha kuwa, baada ya masaa 72 kupita, virusi vya UKIMWI huwa vimeingia kwenye seli ulinzi mbalimbali mwilini kama ilivyoelezewa hapo juu, hivyo dawa za PEP haziwezi kuzuia tena maambukizi. Hata hivyo baadhi ya nchi haziruhusi kutolewa kwa PEP baada ya masaa 36 kwa kuwa umuhimu wake huwa ni mdogo, hii imeonekana kwenye baadhi ya tafiti kuwa nusu ya wanyama waliopewa dawa, waliata maambukizi hayo.

Endapo umechelewa kutumia ndani ya masaa 72 ufanyaje?

Endapo una moja ya kihatarishi cha kupata VVU na masaa 72 yamepita ndio umefahamu kuwa upo na kihatarishi, unapaswa kuonana na daktari kwa ushauri zaidi. Utakapokutana na daktari, utapewa ushauri nasaha kisha utapimwa. Utashauriwa pia endapo itawezekana kuja na chanzo cha hofu yako, mfano kama unahisi umeshiriki ngono na mwathirika, basi mwathirika huyo anabidi aje kupimwa pia kufahamu hali yake ya maambukizi kama anapatikana. Kama haiwezekani kupata chanzo basi utatakiwa kurudi tena baada ya mwezi mmoja kufanya kipimo kingine kuangalia kama una maambukizi.

Baada ya mwezi mmoja endapo utakutwa na maambukizi, utafanyiwa vipimo vingine na kuanzishiwa dalasa maalumu la ARV ili kufahamu mawili matatu kuhusu dawa hizo kisha kuanza kuzitumia endapo upo tayari. Kuanza kutumia dawa za ARV mapema husaidia kufanya mwili wako uwe imara na kudhibiti makali ya VVU.

Watu gani wapo hatarini kupata VVU licha ya kutumia PEP?

Tafiti zinaonyesha kuwa, watu katika makundi yafuatayo, licha ya kutumia PEP ndani ya masaa 72 wana hatari kubwa ya kupata maambukizi ya VVU

• Wanaotumia sindano za kuchoma kwenye mishipa

• Kuchomwa sindano ya damu ndani ya mishipa yenye VVU au kutoka kwenye damu ya mtu mwenye VVU

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