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Paediatric treatment guideline

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TRIAGE AND EMERGENCY CONDITIONS

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1. Summary of steps in emergency triage assessment and
treatment

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2 Management of emergency conditions

 

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3 Maintenance fluids​

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GROWTH, DEVELOPMENT AND IMMUNIZATION


1. Growth Monitoring and Anthropometry

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2. Vaccination
3. Vitamin A Supplementation

4. Deworming

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DISEASES OF THE NEWBORN AND YOUNG INFANT

  1. Neonatal resuscitation

  2. Severe illness in newborn and young infants

  3. Perinatal asphyxia (hypoxic iscehmic encephalopathy)

  4. Prematurity and low birth weight babies

  • Babies with birth weight between 2.5 kg and 1.5 kg

  • Babies with birth weight below 1.5 kg

4. Apnoea of Prematurity

5. Respiratory distress syndrome

6. Necrotizing Enterocolitis

7. Neonatal Jaundice

8. Ophthalmia Neonatorum
9. Congenital Syphilis

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COUGH OR DIFFICULTY IN BREATHING

 

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GASTROINTESTINAL DISORDERS

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  1. Approach to a child with abdominal pain and common causes

  2. Diarrhoeal Diseases

3. Dysentery
4. Viral Hepatitis

5. Schistosomiasis
6. Amoebiasis

7. Giardiasis
8. Ascariasis
9. Ancylostomiasis (Hookworm Diseases)
10. Cutaneous Larva Migrants
11. Cestodiasis
12. Peptic Ulcer Diseas (PUD) and Gastritis
13. Gastro Esophageal Reflux Diseas (GERD)

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FEVER

  1. Fever

  2. Malaria and Severe Malaria

  3. Uncomplicated Malaria

  4. Meningitis

  5. Septicemia

  6. Typhoid Fever

  7. Measles (Rubeola)

  8. Septic Arthritis and Osteomyelitis

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ACUTE MALNUTRITION

 

  1.  Severe Acute Malnutrition

    1. Stabilization

    2. Transition Phase

    3. Rehabilitation Phase

  2. Severe anaemia in children with SAM

  3. Heart failure in children with SAM

 

HIV/AIDS

 

  1. HIV/AIDS Overview

  2. HIV prophylaxis in infants

  3. Management of HIV-related conditions

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CARDIOVASCULAR DISORDERS

 

  1. Congestive Heart Failure

  2. Congenital heart disease

  3. Acquired Heart Diseases

4. Pericarditis
5. Infective Endocarditis
6. Hypertension

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HAEMATOLOGICAL DISORDERS


1. Anaemia

  • Severe Anaemia

  • Iron Deficiency Anaemia

  • Guidelines for Blood Transfusion

 

2. Sickle Cell Diseas (SCD)
Management of specific conditions

3. Bleeding Disorders
4. Haemophilia

  • Haemophilia A

  • Haemophilia B

  • Immune-thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP).

 

5. Disseminated Intravascular Coagulopathy (DIC

6. Aplastic Anaemia (AA)

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NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS

 

1. Seizures

  • Simple Febrile Seizures

  • Epilepsies

    • Focal epilepsies

    • Generalized Epilepsies

    • Childhood Absence epilepsies

    • Myoclonic epilepsies

    • Epilepsy Syndromes

2. Cerebral Palsy (CP)
3. Acute Flaccid Paralysis

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ENDOCRINOLOGICAL DISORDERS


1. Diabetes Milletus

  • Diabetes Ketoacidosis (DKA)

  • Management of complications of Diabetic Ketoacidosis.

2 Hypothyroidism
3 Hyperthyroidism

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PAEDIATRIC ONCOLOGY


1. Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia
2. Lymphoma

  • Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma 

    • Burkitt’s lymphoma

  • Hodgkin’s Lymphoma

3. Wilm’s Tumour (Nephroblastoma)
4. Neuroblastoma
5. Rhabdomyosarcoma
6. Osteosarcoma
7. Brain Tumours
8. Management of common complications of neoplastic conditions

  • Febrile Neutropenia

  • Nausea and Vomiting

  • Severe Anaemia

  • Management of Pain

  • Mucositis

  • Tumour Lysis Syndrome (TLS)

9. Immunization

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 EYE DISEASE CONDITIONS


1. Cataract
2. Congenital Glaucoma
3. Eye Injuries

  • Perforating Eye Injury

  • Blunt Eye Injury

  • Burns and Chemical Injuries

4. Foreign bodies
5. Cornea Ulcer
6. Retinoblastoma
7. Trachoma
8. Vitamin A Deficiency (VAD)
9. Squint
10. Uveitis

11. Conjuctivitis

  • Allergic Conjuctivitis

  • Viral conjunctivitis

  • Bacterial conjunctivitis

12. Orbital Cellulitis
13. Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis
14.Diseases of the Retina

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PAEDIATRIC DENTAL DISORDERS


1 Dental Caries (Tooth Decay)
2 Periodontal Diseases
3 Dental Trauma

  • Injury to the Dental Hard Tissue of Permanent Teeth

  • Injury to the Supporting Structures

 

4 Odontogenic and Non Odontogenic Orofacial Infections

  • Periapical Abscess

  • Infected Socket

  • Dry SocketD

  • Dental Abscess

 

5 Osteomyelitis of the Jaw
6 Viral Infections
7 Aphthous Ulceration
8 Post Extraction Bleeding
9 Malocclusion
10 Natal and Neonatal Teeth

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URINARY TRACT DISORDERS


1 Nephrotic Syndrome (NS)
2 Acute Glomerulonephritis
3 Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome
4 Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
5 Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)
6 Urinary Tract Infection

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PRINCIPLES OF ANAESTHESIA


1 Perioperative Fluids
2 Giving General Anaesthesia
3 Post operative care

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COMMON PAEDIATRIC SURGICAL DISORDERS.


1 Cleft Lip and Palate
2 Oesophageal Atresia (OA)
3 Pyloric stenosis
4 Hirschsprung’s disease
5 Meconium ileus (Meconium plug syndrome)
6 Anorectal Malformation (ARM)
7.Abdominal Wall Defects

  • Exomphalos

  • Gastroschisis

8 Hydrocephalus
9 Myelomeningocele

10 Developmental dysplasia of the hip – DDH
11 Talipes Equinovarus (CLUBFOOT)
12 Gastrointestinal Bleeding
13 Burns
14 Fractures
15 Head Injuries
16 Thoracic and Abdominal Injuries

  • Thoracic Injuries

  • Abdominal injuries

17 Appendicitis
18 Intestinal obstruction
19 Intussusception
20 Umbilical Hernia
21 Inguinal Hernia
22Rectal Prolapse
23 Undescended Testis (Cryptorchidism)

24 Hypospadias
25 Infections Requiring Surgery

  • Abscess

  • Pyomyositis

  • Empyema Thoracis

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EAR, NOSE AND THROAT DISORDERS


1 Otitis externa
2 Otitis Media

  • Acute Otitis Media

  • Chronic Otitis Media

3 Choanal Atresia
4 Adenoids Hypertrophy
5 Allergic Rhinitis
6 Epistaxis
7 Pharyngotonsillitis
8 Laryngomalacia
9 Foreign Bodies (In the ear, nasal cavity)

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DERMATOLOGICAL DISORDERS


1 Bacterial Infections
2 Fungal Infections
3 Viral Infections
4 Parasitic Infestations
5 Inflammatory Dermatoses
6 Disorders of Skin in Newborns
7 Haemangioma
8 Albinism

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COMMON MENTAL DISORDERS IN CHILDREN AND
ADOLESCENTS


1 Organic mental disorders

  • Intellectual Disability (ID)

2 Anxiety Disorders

  • Separation anxiety disorder

  • Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders (PTSD)

  • Generalized Anxiety Disorder

  • Panic Disorder

3 Bipolar Disorders

  • Major Depression Disorders (MDD)

  • Mania

4 Behavioral/Disruptive Disorders

  • Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

  • Conduct Disorder

  • Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

  • Early Onset Psychosis –Schizophrenia

5 Specific Developmental Disorders

  • Learning difficulties/Scholastic Disorder/Dyslexia

6 Elimination Disorders

  • Enuresis

  • Encopresis

7 Eating/Dieting Disorders

  •  Bulimia Nervosa

  • Anorexia Nervosa

8 Substances/Drug and Alcohol Abuse Disorders
9 Child Abuse and Neglect

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COMMON PROBLEMS IN ADOLESCENTS


1 INTRODUCTION
2 Management of sexual transmitted infections/reproductive tract infection

  • Urethral Discharge Syndrome (UDS)

  • Vaginal discharge syndrome (VDS)

  • Lower abdominal pain syndrome or pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)

  • Painful scrotal swelling (PSS) (epididymorchitis)

  • Ano-rectal syndrome

  • Oro-pharyngeal STIs

  • Genital ulcer syndrome (GUS)

  • Lymphogranuloma venereum (INGUINAL BUBO-IB)

3 Genital Warts (Venereal Warts)

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MANAGEMENT OF COMMON POISONING AND DRAWNING IN
CHILDREN


1 Principles for management of Ingested poisons

  • gastrointestinal decontamination

2 Principles for management of poisons in contact with skin or eyes

  • Measures for skin decontamination

  • Measures for Eye decontamination

3 Measures for Management of inhaled poisons
4 Antidote for Specific poisons
5 Management of Paracetamol poisoning
6 Management of Aspirin and other salicylates poisoning
7 Management of Iron poisoning
8 Management of Morphine and other opiates poisoning
9 Management of carbon monoxide poisoning
10 Prevention of Poisoning
11 Envenoming

  • Snakebite

  • Management of Scorpion sting

12 Drawning

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NOTIFIABLE INFECTIONS


1 Viral Infection

  • Measles (RUBEOLA)

  • Rabies

2 Viral haemorrhagic fevers (VHFs)

  • Dengue haemorrhagic fever

  • Ebola haemorrhagic fever (EHF)

3 Cholera

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