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Diabetic nephropathy

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Introduction

It is a progressive kidney disease that damages the capillaries in the kidney’ glomemeruli because of the long-lasting diabetes mellitus. People with diabetes and microalbuminuria have high cardiovascular disease risk, and should be treated with multifactorial interventions (refer to the section on CVD cardiovascular risk).

Risk Factors

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Signs and symptoms

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Diagnostic criteria

• There are no symptoms in early stage
• In later stage, there is body swelling, most often feet and legs

Investigations

• Perform regular urine tests to check the albumin

Management

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  • Non-pharmacological

    Reduce salt intake (< 2g/day) and restrict proteins (<1g/kg/day)–explore options from patient’s dietary history.

  • Pharmacological

    • Losartan: Initial dose: 50 mg orally once a day.
    • Maintenance dose: 25–100 mg orally per day in 1 or 2 divided doses

Prevention

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Updated on,

25 Novemba 2020, 12:14:29

References

1. STG

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